ABSTRACT
@#Pedestrians’ fatality trend in road crashes has been improving in recent years though it remains third in rank behind motorcyclists and car occupants. Based on the statistics, young pedestrians were the most affected group and the commonest injury regions were head and legs. Pedestrian crashes occurred primarily in rural areas and straight roads and at low light environment, and often involve cars and motorcycles. In addition to existing issues of careless and illegal crossing practices, there are potential new hazards face by pedestrian, which are mobile electronic device use and electric vehicle, especially when crossing roads. Road safety programs and interventions shall consider these new issues.
Subject(s)
MalaysiaABSTRACT
@#Child restraint system (CRS) can protect children in the event of crash and reduce the severity of injuries. As such, it is crucial to understand the prevalence of CRS usage and knowledge attributes on CRS usage among drivers. This study aims to assessdrivers’ knowledge on CRS usage.A semi-structured questionnaire was developed and pilot tested to verify its validity and reliability. The questionnaireaddressesdrivers’ knowledge about CRS currently available in the Malaysian market, the types of restraints used and views on fitting restraints to passenger vehicles. Seventy four percentfrom 500 respondents cited that they are usingor theyhave used CRS,64% knowabout CRS and its function, and 43% areawareof ISOFIX. In short, majority of the respondents are aware of CRS use and functions. Awareness and education program should berigorously introduced to public towards the implementation of the CRS law.
Subject(s)
Child Restraint SystemsABSTRACT
Children are much more likely than adults to get serious injuries in car crashes due to their softer bones, weaker neck muscle and fragile bodies. Child restraint system (CRS) can help in reduce injury and prevent fatality in the event of a crash. Thus the aim of this paper is to gauge the prevalence of CRS usage among guardians of children age below 11 years old. A survey to addressed guardians knowledge on CRS usage, practice and their views on fitting child restraints system to their vehicles were carried out among parents and carers who are caring children aged 11 years old and below. Seventy-four percent (74%) out of 500 respondents cited they have used CRS, however only 40% of them is currently using CRS with their children. Respondent in Kuala Lumpur and younger guardians reported twice likely to use CRS. In addition, graduate respondents are 1.5 times more likely to use CRS for their children. In conclusion, high incorrect usage rate and understanding of the CRS could promote additional injury towards the children in a car crash. Many initiatives could be introduced before the implementation of the CRS law in Malaysia such as awareness, community-based programs and CRS clinics that aim to guide guardians on the correct and effective way of installing the CRS device in their car
ABSTRACT
Idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis [IPH] is a rare disorder characterized by the occurrence of episodes of diffuse alveolar hemorrhage [DAH]. We report four years old male child who presented with repeated attacks of life threatening condition, IPH was diagnosed on the base of clinical features and laboratory findings, and the patient responded well to oral prednisolone and was symptom free after 8 months of treatment
ABSTRACT
To analyze the incidence of infectious complications of invasive blood pressure monitoring. Study was conducted at the Anaesthesia Department of Punjab Institute of Cardiology, Lahore. Design: Arterial catheter tip of 100 adult patient was sent for culture. Both right and left radial arteries were used for cannulation. Outcome Studied: Mean duration of arterial cannulation, any evidence of local or systemic infection, incidence of positive catheter tip culture and types of organism grown were noted. Positive arterial tip culture was seen in 31 patients. Staph epidermidis was the most common organism being seen in 17 patients. Mean duration of cannulation was 34.24 +/- 09.54 hours post operatively. None of these developed any local or systemic evidence of infection. Adherence to the aseptic technique during insertion and maintenance of arterial connulas is very important to prevent the infectious complications related to the procedure. Minimum handling of the whole monitoring system and limiting the duration of cannulation will certainly be helpful in this regard